International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement

2012 Prince of Asturias Award for International Cooperation

International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement

The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is considered the largest humanitarian network in the world. Its mission is to prevent and alleviate human suffering, protect life and health and ensure respect for people in times of armed conflict and other emergencies.

Biography

The germ of the Red Cross was conceived when Henry Dunant, following the Battle of Solferino (Italy) in 1859, organised people to help more than 40,000 people who lay dead or wounded without any medical attendance or basic care. He consequently proposed the creation of national relief societies to care for those wounded in the field, thus pointing the way to the future Geneva Conventions.

The International Movement soon evolved towards its three current lines of work: humanitarian aid to victims of armed conflicts, humanitarian aid to victims of natural and other types of disasters in peacetime and preventive action in favour of social welfare and quality of life.

The Red Cross came into being in 1863 when five Geneva citizens, including Dunant, founded the International Committee for Relief to the Wounded, which was later to become the International Committee of the Red Cross. The following year, 12 governments adopted the first Geneva Convention guaranteeing aid to the wounded on the battlefield and defining medical services as "neutral". Henry Dunant's work was recognized in 1901 with the first Nobel Peace Prize, which he shared with Frédéric Passy.

The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, present in 186 countries and supported by over 100 million members and volunteers, is composed of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and 187 National Societies. Each of these has an independent legal identity, structure and mandate, although they all share seven basic principles: humanity, impartiality, neutrality, independence, voluntary service, unity and universality.

They meet every two years in what is known as the Council of Delegates, a forum that examines the strategy of the Movement, discusses global humanitarian issues, studies strategic issues and takes decisions. This Council is not a governing body as such, as the Movement has no central command, although it does have a deliberative body: the International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent. The International Conference meets every four years, irrespective of whether it may be convened at other times, and brings together representatives of the three components of the Movement and the 194 States parties to the Geneva Conventions, as well as observers from other humanitarian organisations and the United Nations. The Standing Commission organises these conferences and is the trustee of the International Conference during the time between any two conferences.

Basic Principles

The American Red Cross prevents and alleviates human suffering in the face of emergencies by mobilizing the power of volunteers and the generosity of donors

"Humanity, Impartiality, Neutrality, Independence, Voluntary Service, Unity and Universality"

Henry Dunant Medal

The Movement confers the Henry Dunant Medal, the highest award in recognition of outstanding service and acts of great devotion made by one of its members to the Red Cross and Red Crescent cause. The first of these medals were bestowed in 1969. It also edits its own journal, the Red Cross, Red Crescent Magazine, which addresses issues of interest in the humanitarian field.

MINUTES OF THE JURY

At its meeting in Oviedo, the Jury for the 2012 Prince of Asturias Award for International Cooperation, composed of Mr Pedro Alonso Fernández, Mr Enrique Barón Crespo, Mr José María Bergareche Busquet, Ms Eugenia Bieto Caubet, Ms Silvia Escobar Moreno, Mr Jorge de Esteban Alonso, Enrique Fernández-Miranda y Lozana, Duke of Fernández-Miranda, Ms Isabel Gómez-Acebo y Duque de Estrada, Ms Gloria Fernández-Lomana García, Mr Ricardo Martí Fluxá, Mr José María Martín Patino, Mr Jaime Montalvo Correa, Mr Luis Javier Navarro Vigil, Mr Francisco Pinto Balsemão, Ms Marta Reynal-Querol, Mr Rafael Sánchez-Barriga Fernández, Mr Luis Sánchez-Merlo Ruiz, chaired by Mr Gustavo Suárez Pertierra and with Ms Alicia Castro Masaveu acting as secretary, has decided to bestow the 2012 Prince of Asturias Award for International Cooperation on the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, considered one of the world's largest humanitarian networks, whose mission is to prevent and alleviate human suffering, protect life and health and ensure respect for the dignity of the people, especially in times of armed conflict and in situations of crisis and need.

The Red Cross and Red Crescent are present in 187 countries in which over a hundred million volunteers work in collaboration. Its basic principles of humanity, impartiality, neutrality, independence, voluntary service, unity and universality have guided all its actions since its creation in 1863.

The Jury has prized its performance in armed conflicts such as those of Syria, Libya and Somalia and in the natural disasters which have beset Haiti, Indonesia and Japan.

The Red Cross and Red Crescent and their volunteers save lives, protect livelihoods, provide support for recovery after disaster and crisis, enable people to lead a safe and healthy life and promote social inclusion and a culture of nonviolence and peace.

Oviedo, 13th June 2012