Joaquín Salvador Lavado Tejón, known worldwide by his pen name Quino, was born in Mendoza (Argentina) in 1932. Son of Andalusians who emigrated to Argentina in 1919, he discovered his vocation thanks to his uncle Joaquín Tejón, a painter and graphic designer, and began studying Fine Arts in his hometown when he was 13 years old. He abandoned his studies in 1949, determined to devote himself to comics and humour. He published his first page in 1954 and then went on to publish his cartoons, drawings and comic strips in newspapers and magazines in America and Europe. Following the 1976 military coup in Argentina, Quino was exiled in Milan. In 1990, he adopted Spanish nationality and has also resided alternately between Madrid and Buenos Aires.
Acknowledged as one of the leading cartoonists worldwide, Quino rose to fame with his Mafalda comic strips. This character was created for a failed advertising campaign, shortly after he published his first collection, Mundo Quino [The World of Quino] (1963). The first Mafalda comic strip was published on 29th September 1964 in the Argentine capital in the weekly magazine Primera Plana. In the Mafalda series, Quino reflected the world of adults as seen through the eyes of a group of children. The leading character was an inquisitive, intelligent, ironic, non-conformist girl, concerned with peace and human rights, who hates soup and loves the Beatles. The stories of this rebellious character, who reached Europe in 1969 thanks to Prince of Asturias Laureate Umberto Eco, who defined her as an "angry heroine", have been translated into fifteen languages and published in newspapers and magazines worldwide. Quino stopped drawing her in 1973. However, interest in Mafalda has continued right up to the present day, with re-editions of her books which have been adapted to the new technologies and are now available in e-book format.
After he stopped drawing Mafalda, Quino devoted himself to a more caustic, black humour targeted more towards an adult audience, which he has brought together in his collection of comic books. His most recent books include, among others, ¡Qué presente impresentable! [What an Unpresentable Present!] (2005), La aventura de comer [The Adventure of Eating] (2007) and ¿Quién anda ahí? [Who Goes There?] (2013). The last book is a reflection of current fears, through his last publications in the media, plus some unreleased publications and some of his few drawings in colour. During the last years before his retirement, Quino published mainly in the daily newspaper Clarín. He only drew Mafalda again for campaigns at the request of organizations such as UNICEF and the Argentine government. He did so after the failed 1987 coup against President Raúl Alfonsín -1985 Prince of Asturias Award for International Cooperation- when he drew Mafalda saying "Yes to democracy! Yes to justice! Yes to freedom! Yes to life!" In 1993, the Mafalda comic strips were adapted to cartoons and the character has participated in comic and humour competitions and festivals in many countries.
To mark Mafalda´s 50th "anniversary", in 2014 the International Cartoon Festival of Angoulême (France) paid tribute to Quino and recreated the life-size environment of the character and her companions in the "Mafalda, a 50-year-old girl" exhibition. Another namesake memorial show shall be displayed throughout the year in several countries, including the UNESCO headquarters in Paris, to commemorate World Book Day. An "Illustrious Citizen" of Mendoza and Buenos Aires and Honorary Chair of Graphic Humour at the University of Alcalá de Henares, Quino has received numerous awards. These include the Cartoonist of the Year Award at the International Salon of Montreal (1982), two Konex Platinum Awards for Visual Arts-Graphic Humour (1982 and 1992) and a Konex Special Mention (2012), the Quevedos Latin American Prize for Graphic Humour (2000) and the Romics Oro Prize (Rome, 2011).
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¡A mi no me grite!
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Humano se nace
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Gente en su sitio
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Esto NO es todo
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Dejenme inventar
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¡Cuánta bondad!
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Bien, gracias.¿Y usted?
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¡Yo no fui!
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Si... cariño
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Quinoterapia
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Qui est le chef?
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¡Qué mala es la gente!
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Quanto é cattiva la gente
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Quanta bontá!
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Potentes, prepotentes e impotentes
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Ni arte ni parte
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Ni arte ni parte
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Mundo Quino
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La buena mesa
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La aventura de comer
At its meeting in Oviedo, the Jury for the 2014 Prince of Asturias Award for Communication and Humanities, made up of Inés Alberdi Alonso, José Antonio Álvarez Gundín, Alberto Anaut González, Luis María Anson Oliart, Juan Barja de Quiroga Losada, Adela Cortina Orts, Albert Espinosa Puig, Soledad Fox Maura, Javier Garciadiego Dantán, Javier González Ferrari, Jordi Gutiérrez Roldán, Miguel Ángel Liso Tejada, José Narro Robles, Benigno Pendás García, José Antonio Vera Gil, Enrique de Ybarra e Ybarra, chaired by Víctor García de la Concha and with Ramón López Vilas acting as secretary, has decided to confer the 2014 Prince of Asturias Award for Communication and Humanities on Joaquín Salvador Lavado Tejón, known worldwide by his pen name Quino.
Quino achieved international fame with the creation of the universe of Mafalda, a girl who perceives the complexity of the world through the simplicity of a child´s eyes. Mafalda, the foremost character in Quino´s creative work, is intelligent, ironic, non-conformist, rebellious and sensitive. She dreams of a world that is more dignified, just and respectful of human rights. On Mafalda´s 50th "anniversary", Quino´s lucid messages still remain valid due to having wisely combined the simplicity of his drawing with the depth of his thought.
Quino´s work holds enormous educational value and has been translated into many languages, a fact that reveals its universality. His characters transcend all geographical settings, ages and social conditions.
Oviedo, 21st May 2014
Mafalda
Name Mafalda
Age 6 years old in 1964
Sex female, with the stress on non-conformism
Loves the beatles, democracy, the rights of children, peace (changing the order of the loves things do not change)
Hates soup (see "children´s rights"), weapons, war, James Bond
First appeared 29th September 1964
Felipe
Name Felipe [Philip]
Age 7 years old in 1964
Sex male and shy
Loves crosswords and chess, the Lone Ranger, Muriel (secretly)
Hates school and therefore getting up early, children´s obligations (especially if they are called homework)
First appeared 2nd June 1968
Guille
Name Guillermo [William], Guille [Willy] to make it easier for those who call him
Age born in 1968, which is not just any year
Sex male, which rhymes with tail
Loves drawing on walls, dummy on the rocks, but especially Brigitte Bardot
Hates he is still little, but sooner or later he will hate something
First appeared 2nd June 1968
Manolito
Name Manuel, aka Manolito [Manny]
Age 6 years old in 1964
Sex male and mercantile
Loves the cash register, bank vans, balance sheets, Rockefeller
Hates non accounting books, The Beatles, hippies, discounts and Susanita
First appeared 25th March 1965
Libertad
Name Libertad [as in Freedom, with a capital F]
Age not too old, but older than she looks
Sex female, like the Statue of Liberty, innocent like freedom
Loves culture, revolution, standing up for one's rights
Hates complicated people. Why can´t everyone be straightforward?
First appeared 15th February 1970
Miguelito
Name Miguel [Michael], but preferably Miguelito [Micky]
Age 5 years old in 1964
Sex male and selfish
Loves Miguelito, Miguelito, Miguelito, jazz and abstract, useless speeches
Hates not being noticed, being his age
First appeared summer 1966
Susanita
Name Susana Clotilde, (preferably the diminutive Susanita [Suzie])
Age 6 years old in 1964
Sex female and very maternal
Loves marriage (better if it´s hers), children (hers), standing in life (high), maybe Felipe
Hates the poor, inconvenient ideas, divorces, Manolito
First appeared 6th June 1965
Parents
Name papá [Dad], mamá [Mum] or Raquel
Age Dad is 37 years old, Mum´s age is undisclosed (for courtesy´s sake)
Sex male and female, which both rhyme with tail
Love one another, Mafalda and Guille, plants (him) and NervoCalm (both)
Hate the cost of living, the end of the month, cooking something other than soup (her)
First appeared Dad on 29th September 1964, Mum on 6th October 1964